How to Get Rid of Chilblains: A Podiatrist's Guide

Chilblains are a common condition that develops when the skin is exposed to cold, damp conditions and then warms up too quickly. They most commonly affect the toes, fingers, heels and ears, causing redness, swelling, itching and sometimes painful burning sensations.

Although chilblains usually improve on their own within a few weeks, there are several ways to help relieve symptoms, protect your skin and reduce the risk of them returning.

What Are Chilblains?

Chilblains (also known as pernio) are an abnormal reaction of the small blood vessels in the skin to cold temperatures.

When the skin is exposed to cold, the small blood vessels narrow. If the affected area is then warmed too quickly, the blood vessels can expand faster than the surrounding tissues can adapt, leading to inflammation.

This may result in:

Red or purple patchesSwellingItchingBurning or stingingTendernessDry or cracked skin

Symptoms often develop several hours after cold exposure.

Who Is More Likely to Get Chilblains?

Anyone can develop chilblains, but they are more common in people who:

Have poor circulationHave naturally cold hands or feetSpend long periods outdoors during winterHave low body weightHave previously experienced chilblains

How Can You Help Get Rid of Chilblains?

Keep Your Feet Warm

One of the most important steps is keeping your feet consistently warm.

Wear:

Warm socksInsulated footwearGloves when outdoorsExtra layers during cold weather

Avoid allowing your feet to become cold in the first place.

Warm Your Feet Gradually

If your feet become cold, avoid placing them directly in front of a heater or into very hot water.

Instead, warm them gradually using warm clothing or blankets. Rapid heating may worsen symptoms.

Moisturise Dry Skin

Chilblains often cause dry, irritated skin.

Applying a moisturising foot cream regularly may help improve comfort and protect the skin.

Consider a Chilblain Cream

Some creams are specifically designed to help soothe cold, uncomfortable feet during winter.

For example, Akileïne Akilwinter is formulated to help protect the skin from the effects of cold weather and may help improve comfort for people prone to winter foot problems.

Stay Active

Regular movement encourages healthy circulation.

Simple activities such as walking can help keep blood flowing to the feet.

Avoid Tight Footwear

Tight shoes and socks may reduce comfort and increase pressure on already sensitive areas.

Choose footwear that allows room for warm socks without becoming restrictive.

Avoid Scratching

Although chilblains can be very itchy, scratching may damage the skin and increase the risk of infection.

How Long Do Chilblains Last?

Most chilblains improve within one to three weeks, particularly if further exposure to cold is avoided.

However, they may return each winter if preventative measures are not taken.

When Should You See a Healthcare Professional?

Arrange an assessment if:

Symptoms are severeThe skin becomes broken or ulceratedThere is increasing redness, swelling or dischargeSymptoms are not improvingYou have diabetes or poor circulation

A healthcare professional can confirm the diagnosis and recommend the most appropriate treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What causes chilblains?

Chilblains develop when the skin reacts abnormally to cold, damp conditions followed by warming.

Can chilblains go away on their own?

Yes. Most chilblains improve within a few weeks provided further cold exposure is avoided.

Should I massage chilblains?

Gentle massage is unlikely to be harmful for intact skin, but vigorous rubbing is generally not recommended because it may further irritate already inflamed tissue.

Can chilblains become infected?

Yes. If the skin cracks or breaks, bacteria can enter and cause infection. Seek medical advice if you notice increasing redness, warmth, swelling or discharge.

How can I help prevent chilblains?

Keeping your feet warm, avoiding sudden temperature changes, wearing appropriate footwear and maintaining healthy circulation are among the most effective ways to reduce the risk.

Are chilblains serious?

Most chilblains are not serious and improve with conservative care. However, persistent, severe or recurrent chilblains should be assessed by a healthcare professional to rule out other underlying conditions.

Conclusion

Chilblains are a common winter foot problem that can be uncomfortable but are usually manageable with simple self-care measures. Keeping your feet warm, avoiding rapid temperature changes, wearing appropriate footwear and protecting the skin can all help improve comfort and reduce the likelihood of recurrence.

If your symptoms are severe, persistent or accompanied by broken skin or signs of infection, it's important to seek advice from your podiatrist or healthcare professional.